|
|
Protection of a victim of a criminal offences
Šimůnková, Pavlína ; Tejnská, Katarína (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Dispute over legal impacts on victims has always been a discussion as well as protection of victims subjected to crime. Study of victims of crime (also known as "victimology"), victim typologies, terminology difference between victimhood and victimology will be mentioned in the very first paragraph in addition to introduction of protection victims of crime issue. Thereafter comes breakdown of phases to which a victim is subjected to throughout the offence. Victims of crime is main highlight of second chapter, followed by its definition and typology of victims, difference between terminology of victim according to criminal justice act and victim according to code of criminal procedure. As the topic advances, third chapter approaches with developmentments in the law within domestic jurisdiction, its subject being protection of victims of crime. Analysis of fundamental law is the main highlight of this chapter, breaking down its influence on victims' protection throughout the past up to nowadays and ongoing procedures. Last but not least, subjects providing protection for victims of crime will also be mentioned. Following chapter is quoting specific sections of Criminal Justice (Victims of Crime) Act, focusing on victims' rights. Breaking down into individual acts of law, its appliance during court...
|
|
|
The Genesis of Social Support in the Context of Victims of Crime
PUDILOVÁ, Dana
This diploma thesis is focused on the genesis of social support in the context of victims of crimes and it aims to comprehensively describe this development in the Czech Republic. It is a theoretical thesis and in the process methods of content analysis, synthesis and comparison of secondary data were used. Individual chapters describe topics connected to social support for victims of crime. The initial chapter contains explanations of the basic terms which are connected to victimology. There is a definition of a criminal act, a victim of crime and the process of victimization is also explained in this chapter. The following chapter focuses on the historical context based on which Act no. 45/ 2013 Sb. was sanctioned and which is considered a milestone in the support to victims of crime. The ongoing text is dedicated to specific types of support in the Czech Republic and also abroad, including the historical development of law up to present-day law. Support to the victims of crime is provided by subjects mentioned in one of the chapters. They are state or non-state subjects which are authorized to provide this kind of service. The discussion contains acquired knowledge and notes which were discovered during the drawing up of this thesis and which could be a subject matter for specialists in other discussions to increase the efficiency of provided services and to strengthen the character of low-threshold social support. The thesis creates a comprehensive grasp of social support for victims of crime and can also be utilized by the general public for a better understanding of this area.
|
|
|
The role of social and psychological counselling in case of help for victims of criminal acts.
POLATOVÁ, Lenka
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of helping victims of crime with an emphasis on the psychological side and the goal is to analyse the options of that help. The first chapter deals with victimology and victimization, basic concepts that are important for understanding the issue. The next chapter emphasizes the concept of victim. It explains the typology of victims and also discusses victims' rights. The fourth chapter focuses on the issue of particularly vulnerable victims. What is also important is the section on entities that provide help to victims of crimes. I focus in more detail on the two most important entities, which are the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and the non-profit organization White Circle of Safety which represents the non-state sector. The most important part of the thesis comes in the last but one chapter, and it focuses on specific assistance for victims of crimes. The chapter deals with the principles of laic, especially psychological and social assistance. Finally, I focus on crime prevention. The whole issue is complemented by interviews with experts who provide help to victims. The acquired knowledge shows how important the work of providers of care for crime victims is, and indicates how significant benefit it has for the users.
|
|
|
Assistance to victims of crime
Mutinová, Radka ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
The topic of my thesis is Assistance to victims of crime. I have chosen this topic for its importance in our era full of violence and crime. It is an issue interesting not only for lawyers but for many other different professions and public in general. My goal was to lay out as much information as possible and talk about some problematic spots regarding the rights of victims and their position not only in the criminal procedure. The first part of my thesis is focused on brief explanation of the history and development of the relatively young science - victimology and basic terms used in victimology. Significant part of the first chapter covers analysis of one simple word "victim". The following part of this paper tries to examine individual elements of the complex assistance provided to crime victims. The third chapter discusses possibilities of financial support to the victims from the government when it is impossible to obtain reparation from the offender. Many countries, including the Czech Republic, have enacted appropriate laws and have also become signatories of the European Convention on the Compensation of Victims of Violent Crimes. The following chapter is concerned with the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the field of crime victim assistance and their cooperation with the...
|
|
|
Implementatiton of international human rights standards in the field of human trafficking for labour exploitation in the Czech Republic
Jírová, Eliška ; Vorlová, Marie (advisor) ; Bartoň, Daniel (referee) ; Milfait, René (referee)
Trafficking in human beings is considered to be one of the most serious crimes in which there is a significant violation of fundamental human rights. Through recommendations and binding documents, international organisations call on states to prevent human trafficking, and if it occurs, to allow for the settlement of human rights of its victims. National governments are responsible for compliance with human rights commitments, not only on the level of policy formulation, but also in terms of their implementation in practice. However, experience of social work with trafficked persons in the Czech Republic shows that victims of this serious crime have no access to settlement of their rights. The aim of this paper was to evaluate whether the Czech Republic meets the selected human rights standards that ensure the victims' access to their rights. The evaluation of the situation was based on the selected criteria defining the meeting of individual human rights standards of the Aim for Human Rights organisation. Fulfilling the selected criteria was examined on the case of proceeding of state authorities in the case of exploitation of hundreds of foreign workers in the forestry industry, known as the "Stromkaři" (Tree Workers) case. The evaluation showed that while on the formal level the standards required by the...
|
|
|
Protection of victims of crime
Fürychová, Michaela ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of protection of victims of crime. The topic is quite broad therefore the main focus is at the assistance for victims of crime and forms of such assistance. The thesis is divided into three main parts which are further divided into chapters and subchapters. The first part is concerned with victimology in general. It contains four chapters. First chapter describes the science of victimology. The knowledge of basic principles of victimology is fundamental for further understanding of the topic of crime victims. Brief overview of the evolution of victimology is also mentioned. The second chapter defines the basic concepts of victimology, such as the term victim, victimity, harm and factors that influence the extent of the harm caused by a crime to the victim. The third chapter is closely focused on the process of victimization and its specific issues. It contains more detailed subchapters on primary, secondary, terciary victimization and on repeated victimization. The fourth chapter concludes this part. It is concerned with sources of information about crime victims that are available. Particularly it deals with official statistics and victimology researches and studies. The second part is contained in chapter number five and its subchapters. Its main focus is on...
|
|
|
The issue of a crime victim in criminology
Chvojková, Kateřina ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
The issue of crime victim in criminology Resume The purpose of my thesis is to describe all aspects of the situation of the victims, to find some problems they have to solve and to suggest the possible solutions of these problems. I find this topic very interesting. In the past, people concerned only with perpetrators of crimes. The victims were ignored. The situation is better now, nevertheless the position of the victims is not as good as it should be. It is necessary to make some changes, mainly to prevent secondary victimization because it is a big problem the victims must deal with. It is also very important to make some changes in our legislation to improve the position of the victims. The thesis is composed of ten chapters which are divided into subchapters. The chapter one deals with victimology. The first part focuses on a history of victimology and the second part deals with its subject. The chapter two concentrates on the term Victim. It also focuses on some aspects that increase the probability of becoming a victim. Finally, the third part of this chapter deals with the typology of the victims. The chapter three describes the process of victimization. Especially it concentrates on primary and secondary victimization, on secondary victimization of the victims of a rape and finally it describes...
|
|
|
Assistance to victims of crime
Bechtinová, Natálie ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The chosen topic for this MastersThesis is "Assistance to Victims of Crime" - primarily due to its growing social significance. Society as a whole should not turn a blind eye to the serious impact of crime, focusing only on the punishment of convicted criminals; it should also focus on assistance to those harmed and affected by crime. Criminals usually commit crimes with a strong conscious awareness of their misbehaviour, while victims have no similar expectation; for them, a criminal event is like something "out of the blue". The shocking and traumatic impact following the crime, is something unbelievable for one who never had such an experience; hence, the return back to normal life is often very difficult for victims of crime. A society which aspires to be modern and developed should make this return as easy as possible, implementing a series of measures in the field of assistance. My goal was to describe the possibilities which exist in this area but also to concentrate on the current legislation, especially on new rights being brought into practice by the new Victims of Crime Assistance Act No 45/2013 Coll. The Thesis consists of eight chapters including an Introduction and a Conclusion. The first part is dedicated to victimology, a part of criminology that comprises a scientific study focused on...
|
|
|
Protection of a victim of a criminal offence
Vejmělková, Denisa ; Tejnská, Katarína (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
Protection of Victims of Crime Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of protection of victims of crime. The first chapter is focused on victimology - a branch of criminology that scientifically studies the relationship between a victim and an offender. This chapter also deals with various historical and current approaches in victimology. The partial goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of the theoretical background, which should provide the reader with a basis for understanding the position of victims, protection of victims and their role in criminal proceedings, which are discussed in the following chapters. The second chapter deals with the phenomenon of the victim of crime. This chapter analyzes the concept of the victim of crime, compares the definition of the victim in the law of the Czech Republic and in the law of the European Union. It also deals with society's response to crime, the relationship between society and the victim, and some misconceptions about the so-called ideal victim. The relationship between society and the victim can be key to the victim's willingness to report committing of crime to law enforcement authorities, so I pay close attention to it. The third chapter deals with the individual rights of victims under the Act on Victims of Crime. The aim of the work...
|
|
|
Human rights in international criminal proceedings
Bureš, Pavel
Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Katedra mezinárodního práva Mgr. Pavel Bureš Human Rights in International Criminal Procedure Praha 2011 2 Abstract The rapid development of International Criminal Law in the second half of 20th century and especially on its end is marked by a proliferation of international criminal judicial organs and thereby by a huge increase and development of procedural norms determining these organs' jurisdiction and functioning but also specifying procedural status of individuals - suspected and accused persons, victims. The submitted thesis focuses on one of the aspects of individuals procedural status, namely their procedural guarantees - human rights in international criminal procedure. The analyse of human rights in international criminal procedure (the proceedings before International Criminal Court) was done having been backed by statutory regulations of international military tribunals and ad hoc tribunal for Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda and their case-law. The hypothetical start point was to consider that procedural guarantees in the ICC procedure established by Rome Statute in 1998 are on a highest level and more detailed than these guarantees enshrined in ad hoc tribunals Statutes and even in international universal or regional human rights protecting...
|
guest ::
